WATER LEVEL INDICATOR

Introduction

Water level indicator is used to measure the level of water in tank reservoir. Works on the basic principal of transistor. When the water level increases the no. of led’s on circuit glows. Water present in tank can easily be measure.

 

—COMPONENTS

—470 R*4, 1k*4 resistors

—A1015*4 transistors

—Buzzer (12v)

—LED*4

—12 volt battery source(DC)

 

—PROCEDURE

—In this circuit transistor switching is being processed. When any wire dipped in water N through water providing negative voltage on the BASE. Current begins to flow through collector  and LED’s starts glowing. When the water level reaches to maximum level buzzer will operate and starts giving alarm signal. This circuit has four levels(LOW, MID, NORMAL, HIGH).

 

—APPLICATIONS

—No need to go on the roof and check the water level.

—Same circuit can be used for under ground water storage.

—It is used to predict the arrivals of floods.

—It can be used to incoming and out going water in large water reservoirs.

High Pass Filter and Low Pass Filter

High Pass filter: 

 A high pass filter blocks all frequencies from zero up to

cutoff frequency and passes all frequencies above the cutoff frequency.

In high pass filter we take output across the transistor.

By using fc=1/2∏RC

We can find cutoff frequency.

Low Pass filter: 

A low pass filter is a circuit

 that passes certain frequencies(from zero

 up to cutpff point) and rejects all other

 frequencies(above cutoff point).

In low pass filter we take output across the capacitor.

™By using fc=1/2∏RC

™We can find cutoff frequency.

Required Components

Resistors (1kΩ,560kΩ), IC Lm 741, Capacitors(0.022µF,47nF)

Battery 9V, battery clip for 9V, Wires, stripboard 12 rows × 25 holes